Manufacturer: Valenta Pharm JSC, Russia
Active ingredient: Phenylpiracetam
Shelf life: Long shelf life

Pharmacological action
Pharmacotherapeutic group: nootropic agent

Pharmacodynamics
Nootropic drug with pronounced antiamnestic effect, promotes memory consolidation, facilitates the learning process, increases the resistance of brain tissue to toxic effects, has an anticonvulsant effect.

Has a positive effect on metabolic processes, stimulates oxidation-reduction processes, increases the body's energy potential due to glucose utilization. Increases the content of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the brain, does not affect the level of GABA, does not bind to GABA and GABAB receptors, does not have a noticeable effect on the spontaneous bioelectrical activity of the brain.

Does not affect respiration and the cardiovascular system, exhibits an unexpressed diuretic effect, has anorexigenic activity when used in courses.

The stimulating effect is manifested in the ability to have a moderate effect, which manifests itself in relation to motor reactions, increased physical performance, and also weakening the severity of the hypnotic effect of ethanol and hexobarbital.

The psychostimulating effect prevails in the ideational sphere.

The adaptogenic effect is manifested in increasing the body's resistance to stress under conditions of excessive mental and physical stress, fatigue, hypokinesia and immobilization, at low temperatures.

Against the background of taking the drug, an improvement in vision was noted, which is manifested in an increase in acuity, brightness and fields of vision.

Improves blood supply to the lower extremities.

Stimulates the production of antibodies in response to the introduction of an antigen, which indicates immunostimulating properties, but at the same time does not contribute to the development of immediate hypersensitivity and does not change the allergic inflammatory reaction of the skin caused by the introduction of a foreign protein.
With course use, drug dependence, tolerance, and "withdrawal syndrome" do not develop.

The effect is manifested with a single dose, which is important when using the drug in extreme conditions.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption
Rapidly absorbed. Absolute bioavailability when taken orally is 100%.

Distribution
Penetrates into various organs and tissues, easily passes through the blood-brain barrier. The maximum concentration in the blood (Tmax) is achieved after 1 hour.

Metabolism
Not metabolized in the body.

Excretion
Half-life (T1/2) - 3-5 hours. Excreted unchanged: approximately 40% - by the kidneys and 60% - with bile and sweat.

Indications
• Diseases of the central nervous system of various origins, accompanied by deterioration of intellectual and mnestic functions, decreased motor activity.
• Neurotic conditions, manifested by memory impairment.
• Learning disorders.
• Psychoorganic syndromes, manifested by intellectual and mnestic disorders.
• Convulsive conditions.
• Obesity (alimentary-constitutional genesis).
• Prevention of hypoxia, increasing resistance to stress, correction of the functional state of the body in extreme conditions of professional activity in order to prevent the development of fatigue and to improve mental and physical performance.
• Chronic alcoholism (in order to reduce intellectual and mnestic disorders).

Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to fonturacetam or any excipient in the drug.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Age under 18 years (due to the lack of clinical data on the efficacy and safety of fonturacetam in this age population).

Side effects
Insomnia (if the drug is taken later than 15:00). Some patients may experience psychomotor agitation, hyperemia of the skin, a feeling of warmth, and increased blood pressure during the first 1-3 days of taking the drug.

Interaction
Fonturacetam may enhance the action of drugs that stimulate the central nervous system and nootropic drugs.
Fonturacetam exhibits pronounced antagonism to the cataleptic action of neuroleptics, and also weakens the severity of the hypnotic effect of ethanol and hexobarbital.

How to take, course of administration and dosage
Orally.
Take immediately after meals. The dose and duration of treatment should be determined by a doctor. Doses vary depending on the patient's condition. The average single dose is 150 mg (from 100 to 250 mg); the average daily dose is 250 mg (from 200 to 300 mg). The maximum daily dose of Nanotropil® Novo is 750 mg. It is recommended to take a daily dose of up to 100 mg once in the morning, and over 100 mg to be divided into 2 doses. The duration of treatment can vary from 2 weeks to 3 months, on average 30 days. If necessary, the course can be repeated after 1 month.

To improve performance - 100-200 mg once in the morning, for 2 weeks (for athletes - 3 days).

The recommended duration of therapy with the drug in patients with alimentary-constitutional obesity is 30-60 days at a dose of 100-200 mg once a day (in the morning). It is not recommended to take the drug later than 15:00.

Overdose
No cases of overdose have been reported.
Treatment: symptomatic therapy.

Precautions:
In patients with severe organic liver and kidney damage, severe arterial hypertension, severe atherosclerosis, those who have previously suffered panic attacks, acute psychotic states accompanied by psychomotor agitation - due to the possibility of exacerbation of anxiety, panic, hallucinations and delirium, as well as in patients with allergic reactions to nootropic drugs of the pyrrolidone group.

In case of excessive psychoemotional exhaustion due to stress and fatigue, chronic insomnia, a single dose of the drug on the first day may cause a sharp need for sleep. Such patients in outpatient settings should be advised to start a course of taking the drug on non-working days.